The Enigma of an Uncertain Future: How will Earth’s History REALLY end ? | Earth Documentary

🌍 Astrophysicists were the first to address the question of the long-term viability of the biosphere. Earlier studies into the possibility of Earth’s future habitability focused mainly on the interaction between solar heating during its transformation into a red giant, the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and water loss.
New studies have enabled scientists to predict Earth’s future habitability based on detailed models. These models take into account the Sun’s influence on geochemical cycles such as those for carbon, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur. In addition, the researchers have included the methane cycle, which encompasses the metabolism of living organisms, as well as the redox exchange between crust and mantle. These elements make it possible to track the processes that control oxygen levels in the atmosphere on a geological scale. This makes it possible to predict the planet’s evolution billions of years into the future.
The scientists adopted a stochastic approach, randomly selecting parameters for the model, including variations in the rate of outgassing from the Earth’s mantle and the acceleration of erosion. They established initial conditions for the Earth 600 million years ago, then ran the model around 400,000 times, covering the planet’s evolution to the present day. Of all the tests carried out, only around five thousand reproduced conditions similar to those of the modern Earth. These results were then used to predict the future evolution of our planet.

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💥The Future of Earth:
– When modeling a map of the world in the next 100 million years, most researchers identify common geographic features, for example, agreeing that the Atlantic Ocean will surpass the size of the Pacific Ocean and become the largest water basin on Earth.
According to the extraversion theory, the Atlantic Ocean will continue to open up and the Americas will eventually collide with Asia, Australia and Antarctica. In the final stages of this supercontinent assembly, North America will close the Pacific Ocean to the east and collide with Japan, and South America will wind clockwise from the southeast, joining the equatorial part of Antarctica. All these parts are astonishingly combined with each other. Thus, the new supercontinent will be a single continent, stretching from east to west along the equator.
The extraversion model mainly maintains that the large convection cells in the mantle, located beneath the tectonic plates, will remain unchanged in their current form. In contrast, the alternative approach, known as introversion, takes the opposite stance, referring to past cycles of closure and opening of the Atlantic Ocean.
Today, both supercontinent theories, extraversion and introversion, remain popular. Whatever the outcome of this discussion, everyone agrees that while in 250 million years the Earth’s geography will change significantly, it will always reflect the past.

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🎬 Today’s program:
– 00:00 – Introduction
– 01:24 – What will life on Earth be like in 1 billion years’ time?
– 03:37 – An ever-changing Earth
– 01:50 – What will the Earth look like in 2100?
– 8:42 – Thermal maximum in the Paleocene-Eocene transition
– 12:46 – Earth’s evolution over the next 200 million years
– 15:47 – Evolution of the Earth’s oceans
– 20:14 – The next 50,000 years: the ice age
– 24:05 – The Earth in 1 million years
– 26:26 – What will the Earth look like in over 100 million years?
– 29:26 – The Earth in 250 million years: a new Pangea
– 31:44 – What will the Earth look like in 400 million years?
– 35:10 – What will the Earth look like in 600 million years?
– 37:18 – The Beginning of the Decline of Life on Earth…
– 50:54 – What will the Earth look like in 1 billion years?
– 01:02:27 – What will the Earth look like in 3 billion years?
– 01:06:38 – The incredible collision between our Milky Way galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy!
– 01:02:27 – What will the Earth look like in 5 billion years?
– 01:13:59 – How will the Earth disappear?
– 01:16:50 – The end of our star, the Sun…
– 01:19:16 – What will our solar system look like in 9 billion years?

This channel is an official affiliate of the ORBINEA STUDIO network.

This channel is an official affiliate of the ORBINEA STUDIO network.