The doctors reveal the amazing army of germ fighters that make up your immune system, and they find out just how difficult it is to clean a baby’s incubator in Operation Takeover. Dr Xand meets Alex, who has autism, and we catch up with Ouch Patients Holly and Haiden. Meanwhile, in Accident and Emergency, one patient has cut her nose and another has injured his toe.
The doctors find out why we burp and even manage a world-first when they film Dr Xand burping from the inside. They also get behind the wheel to discover what it takes to be a good ambulance driver in Operation Takeover. Dr Xand joins the radiology department to find out how they see inside our bodies and Dr Chris is answering medical questions on the wards in Ouch and About On Call. Meanwhile in Accident and Emergency, one patient has cut her hand doing arts and crafts, and we meet a familiar face with a dislocated jaw.
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Operation Ouch is a science show for kids that is full of experiments and biological learnings. In this educational TV show, twin brothers Dr. Chris and Dr. Xand do science experiments for kids, to explain how the human body with all its different parts and systems works, and how medicine and medical procedures can help. It’s Biology for kids in a fun format!
You can buy the book here https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B00CIVLZYY/ref=dp-kindle-redirect?_encoding=UTF8&btkr=1 and download the series here https://itunes.apple.com/gb/tv-season/operation-ouch-season-3/id1164855856
In the emergency department the team are getting ready for their first patient their first patient I mean what have they been up to they need to put a sign up I mean I would have thought at least they would have seen some patients before it’s totally bizarre just can’t understand it let’s
Go meet them our first patient for today is five-year-old Evie with blood on her face we was playing and then we know it was breathing oh that’s one source nozzle when the bug comes down to conduct oh no how did it happen Evie and her mate Liam love hanging out
In the park me too yippee so they were really excited when they saw some new exercise equipment yes brilliant let’s keep fit and lunge and lunge and lunge Liam was the first to have a go on the cross trainer go Liam feel the burn work it
But when Evie climbed on she slipped and the handle hit her on the nose cut noses seem to run in this family dad cut his as a kid too your brother put on a space at me yikes definitely avoid doing that at home let’s get Dr Naomi Simmons in because
Evie has a few things to ask hopefully not very long sweetheart just have a little look up your nose with a magic light are you just sharing the lights exactly that’s all I’m doing excellent questions Evie so that must still looks beautiful and that nostril looks beautiful too good girl Evie we’ll
Get it all cleaned up and then we’ll be able to see better exactly what he’s doing to close it up Dr Naomi has asked nurse Linda to clean the wound up put us nearly all cleaned up and to have a go at sealing it with butterfly strips these blasters might look thin
But they’re very strong if this works Evie won’t need surgery what’s the verdict doc because of the position as it’s in because it’s wanting to almost pull itself open again that it probably would be best for her to come back to see the Plastics doctors tomorrow
Morning so Evie will have to come back tomorrow to see a surgeon they’ll decide whether or not she needs an operation to close the cut with stitches What time is it nine o’clock well you might have to miss your school trip Evie so it’s surgery or the school trip find out later which one it will be bye Evie [Laughter] in hospital it’s not just the doctors and nurses who help to get you fixed
There are lots of other Heroes working behind the scenes yes what will happen when we have a go at their amazing jobs I’m gonna make your eardrums burst useless this is Operation takeover [Applause] today’s Hospital heroes are pad Sue and Lindsay who are part of the cleaning or domestic Services team
It’s not just doctors and nurses helping save lives without these Hospital Heroes keeping this place spotless infection could spread and put patients at risk how much of the hospital has to be clean all of it and how much hospital is there to clean well the floor earlier is bigger than seven football pitches
Really yeah wow and everything in this hospital has to be kept super clean including this bath so Pat every bathtub I’ve ever used has had like a line of dirt all the way around here isn’t that isn’t that every bathtub not with those domestics and it’s not
Just baths that need buffing the floors need a good clean too and there’s a special technique you have to do a figure eight so as you’re doing it you’re taking all the bits off as well okay time for us to get stuck in What do you think of Chris’s technique yeah fairly good are you just being nice no it wasn’t as graceful as you ever sing a stylish but it got the job done why don’t you have a little girl here we go this is what I do that
Was terrible what was wrong with it pat well floors wet you could slip but marks for style out of 10. seven One of the most important places to keep germ free is the operating theater a fist floor and wool gets cleaned twice so you clean everything once and then Kathy cleans it again and that’s a deep clean yes so ad starts fantastic comes after me the theaters are then closed and no one
Is allowed to enter before the surgeon we’ve seen how important it is to keep the hospital clean but which one of us is going to clean up in the hospital takeover challenge okay clean up get it clean up your challenge is set by Lindsay who’s an expert in cleaning babies incubators
What’s your challenge for us in my challenge is to clean and incubate sale where the premature babies go when they’re really sick are these difficult to clean yeah there’s lots of knocks and crannies babies that need to be put in incubators are always vulnerable to infection so it’s crucial that their cots are
Completely germ-free Lindsay must use a fresh cloth when wiping each section to avoid contamination we’re just getting our strategy sorted out for the uh the cleaning challenge son what are you what strategy are you going to adopt can you understand me please I’m trying to focus Ready Steady clean
This challenge is really difficult come on as we have to dismantle the incubator and put it back together it’s quite hard to clean the incubator when you can’t take into pieces okay hang on hang on hang on I’ve got this ah yes ah oh yuck it’s fried milk
Is a bit harder to get off than I thought it would be just harder harder press harder it’s never going to get finished that’s not helpful gonna keep changing cloth I haven’t changed my cloth in 10 minutes you can eat your tea off this bit
Get a bit of spit on there is that loud put your James on [Applause] these incubators have to be germ free but and Lindsay has a special way of testing for germs one this incubator is ready to have a baby in it I don’t think so Chris
It looks a bit wonky to me maybe but let’s see whose is the cleanest this machine detects the lowest number of James whoever’s got the level score is the overall winner Lindsay inspects the incubators to measure the muck she takes swabs from various places and when she puts them in the monitor it
Gives a reading of how many germs are still present there was two scores of 505 and three five one the winner with the lowest score is [Applause] robbed what school do you normally get Lindsay green or two so will our incubators now be returned to the intensive care for sick babies to
Be put into no I’ll have to clean them again we’ve made it a little easier for you not really well Chris I think it’s clear that the real heroes here of the domestic Services teams like Lindsay Pat and Sue who are helping to prevent infections all over the hospital time to
Hand back our aprons to the professionals oh meet Ruby Hayden Holly and taller we’re following them across the series as they let us know what it’s like to be a regular Hospital outpatient they’ve given us exclusive access to their lives as they undergo treatment let’s catch up with our ouchpatient Hayden hello Hayden
Hayden has more fan syndrome which has led to his heart not working properly so he needs heart surgery go get it was last time we met Hayden and Buster the dog Hayden was at home getting ready to go to hospital but now it’s nearly time for the big operation the surgeon who
Will be doing the op has come to see Hagen Mr Romana Dana Panini will put you to sleep yeah and then you don’t know anything whatsoever I’ll probably forget where I even have you probably will the surgery will take around seven hours but to cheer him through a crowd has
Gathered outside that’s not for Hayden silly oh who’s it for the Queen the queen wow more of that later for now Hayden’s getting his own VIP treatment in theater 5. you may want to look away if you’re squeamish as you’re about to see Hayden’s heart ready and here it is
How amazing is that Hayden’s operation is to fix his aorta this is the main blood vessel leaving your heart and it’s the biggest vessel in your body because of his condition the valve in Hayden’s aorta is leaking he comes Hayden’s heart again so look away if you’re squeamish
Mr Dana Panini inserts some plastic tubing in an attempt to repair Hayden’s aorta if this fails Hayden will need a mechanical implant to make his heart work properly remember I said the crowds are here for the queen well here she is she’s come to officially open this brand new Alder hay
Hospital while there are royal goings on outside inside Hayden is being treated like royalty himself and there’s some good news from the operating theater so the operation went very well we managed to preserve the iot wall very well which give him a better quality of
Life so he can play like any other kid that’s fantastic Hayden may not have seen her majesty but the next best thing to royalty has got to be us surely hey how you doing and you’ve got your appetite back yes how’s dinner is it amazing you’ve just joined the
Zipper Club is that right yes and hold on who’s this this is he’s been waiting for me to come home well you’ll be home soon Hayden listen guys it’s been very nice but I want to eat nothing well it’s on we don’t need telling twice very nice to see you
Hayden enjoy your sausages all you want is patients that throw out their doctors exactly news find out how Hayden’s recovery goes later in the series Ouch time to head back to the emergency department to see how our patient is getting on come on Chris zond it’s that way come on Chris Earlier in our emergency department we had a nosy at Evie’s cut nose she’d been playing with her mate Liam in the park on some outdoor exercise machines but when Evie climbed on she slipped and the handle hit her on the nose surgical team to find out if she needs
An operation luckily Dr Susie Yao knows what to do what’s the plan well I need to do is have a really quick look is that okay Dr seussy needs to work out if the butterfly strips have done a good job or whether Evie needs stitches with
This type of cut both options will leave a small scar just like her dads a scar can happen when skin heals after a cut healthy skin is made up of cells and proteins arranged in a crisscross pattern it’s called The extracellular Matrix when you get a cut sometimes scar
Tissue forms this is when the cells and proteins heal in a straight pattern and it can make the skin look shiny or a different color Evie is hoping to avoid having an operation because she has a school trip to get to which starts in an hour do you know what
That’s done very very well I’ve done a really really good job of basically bringing the cut together so actually I’m not really worried about it hooray Evie’s avoided surgery I’m not saying they might make it slippery with a quick clean and brand new butterfly strips Evie should just about
Make it well done you okay so next time you see gym equipment in the park what are you gonna do not go on it I was thinking just be more careful baby still to come I am lymph node man Holly’s back in ouch patients hi everyone and find out why
I’m wearing this wow now did you know that you have between 20 and 40 billion white blood cells in your body they are like an army of germ fighting Warriors waiting to attack Invaders like viruses and bacteria And now to our lab but this time we’ve hidden it in a top secret location so secret that even zams doesn’t know where it is time for some amazing experiments just don’t try anything you see here at home today we’re finding out how your immune system works
How are you feeling Chris fine yeah temperature’s normal didn’t feel anything in your neck because my temperature is normal open up a lot else they are ah it all looks all right to me I don’t think there’s anything wrong with him at all there isn’t anything
Wrong with me I’m not ill why did I go before I did say so I now when you’ve been ill you might have had the doctor do checks on you just like the ones that I just did on Chris and the reason for that is that this
Area is full of lymph nodes or glands that get swollen when you get an infection by feeling them you can tell if someone’s ill and your immune system is a network of cells tissues and organs that work together to protect your body from infection now your lymph nodes are
A really important part of this immune Network so let’s take a look at one over here This is from a pig but it’s very similar to your lymph nodes you have lots of lymph nodes like this some in your neck but also in your groin your armpits and behind your knees and in fact spread all over your body now most of yours are
Much smaller than this smaller in fact than a p they may be small crisps but these little lymph nodes have a big job to do now they’re packed with white blood cells or leukocytes and these are the supercells of your immune system that fight off bacteria
Viruses and fungi that can make you ill so any bugs that get filtered and sent to the lymph node are dealt with and you wouldn’t want to mess with a leukocyte let me tell you that’s right son and you’re about to find out exactly how tough these bug fighting cells really are I’m going to take a sample of Zan’s blood and infect it with a very nasty fungus and we’re gonna watch your white blood cells or leukocytes fight the bad fungus off take my arm and take my blood while you do I will address the troops I
Mean the cells cells I expect that every one of you will do your duty we shall fight them in the lymph nodes we shall fight them in the spleen but we shall Never Surrender uh okay sand so here is a sample of Zan’s blood complete with leukocytes and
Here is a sample of very nasty fungus well mix them together let battle commence nose aren’t because we can only do this in a specialized infection laboratory I’ve got one of those in the cupboard okay so you can take them and a few hours later Chris I’ve got it
The video of the battle between the fungus and my leukocytes let’s put it on okay so we can see a sped up version of the fungus and Zan’s white blood cells the green blobs they’re the deadly fungus and the grainy black and white cells as arms leukocytes yo you greens
Knows aren’t the green ones are the fungus right don’t go you greens now have a look closely at this guy he’s moving around he’s getting more and more angry and he surrounded that little bit of fungus Andy’s Fargo cytosed him he’s eating them it’s all over for the fungus look
At Zan’s leukocyte moving in and gobbling up that nasty fungus wow that’s my immune system at work amazing well I have to hand it to use on that was pretty impressive stuff seems like your leukocytes were made of tough stuff after all we’ve shown you that your lymph nodes are a really important
Part of your immune system and that they’re packed with leukocytes to fight off nasty bugs so the next time they pop up in your neck or feel a bit swollen remember to thank them for looking after you yes because they may be small in size but they’re practically superheroes
Because inside each lymph node is a strong Army of leukocytes ready to fight off Invaders anytime they appear isn’t that right xand you speak of I am lymph node man oh well in that case you’re in luxon I mean lymph node man I saw a load of bacterial and fungal Invaders heading
That way how nasty were they very nasty I have to change my cape now let’s catch up with our next ouch patient hi everyone it’s me holly again today nine-year-old Holly has cerebral palsy this affects her muscle control and movement last time Holly showed us how
She gets about her home today Holly is going to Physio I do physio every day but I see my physio every week Holly comes to the clinic here at older hay in the community to see her physiotherapist Rosemary right the next one are like mini sit-ups these exercises help improve Holly’s movement
Good control double high five on that well done that was great look after the body but mostly we want to make sure that the kids can do what they want to do in the way they want to do it and I’m really happy with how it went because
I’ve been able to move my legs and my hip a lot easier so that’s really good wow this looks brilliant how often do you get in the pool Holly I’m going swimming every Thursday after school the pool means that Holly Gets some great exercise plus it’s lots of fun my
Favorite thing to do is French joke last week I did 150 meters in 40 minutes that’s cool looked pretty hard to me but it makes me feel kinda free especially when I’ve been stuck in a chair all day and then when you get out into this pool there’s so much space
And you’ve you can move everywhere you know nice one Holly see you next time [Applause] ouch every second of every day your brain is choosing what to ignore and what to pay attention to but we all hear see and feel the world in different ways there’s one condition though that really impacts how you communicate with people around you and sense the world it affects over
One in a hundred people and it’s called autism spectrum disorder or Autism for short this is Alex he’s 10 and he has autism so Alex if you have to explain to people what it’s like for you having autism what do you say that can cause me to meet today live
Um because I’m absolutely love crowds and busy areas and people brushing past me someone with autism is on the autism spectrum this is like a scale and different people are affected in different ways we’ve come to the park and set up an experiment to demonstrate how Alex’s autism affects his senses
What I’ve done is I’ve labeled the faders which are like the volume knobs with different sounds and these are all the sounds we can hear around us and when you’re talking I know there’s a bit of traffic there’s some birds singing I can hear the kids playing over there in
The playground there’s a dog barking but mainly I can hear you and my brain can just turn all these other sounds off you show me maybe what it’s like for you I don’t have as much control over it so I’ll just read it could be able to walk those out all
Little bit but I can’t block them out anywhere near as much as you did being overloaded with all this sensory information can lead to something called a meltdown what’s it like when you’re having a meltdown in your head well I just feeling kind of um upset and I agree I suppose distressed
And then and I’m really not calm although autism can be disorientating and confusing some autistic people are able to concentrate incredibly well on something they love and for Alex that’s filmmaking we’ve come to the autism show in Manchester with us a some of Alex’s friends who often act in his films what
Do you think it is about autism and directing films that those two things work quite well together for one task that is doing at once yeah he’s very focused and a lot of the time has better ideas than us to help Alex’s friends understand what it can be like
To have autism we’re giving them these virtual reality goggles and headphones which will play an Autism simulation do you know I’ve never tried virtual reality before you can hear every single noise in this room and the light is very dazzling and I can’t focus on the thing I think I
Need to be paying attention to is this lady who’s telling me to wait but I can’t understand what she’s saying wow what did you think of it Jacob it was really intense of what was going to happen next it’s very overwhelming like like you can’t concentrate on one thing
Because there’s just so much going on I thought I explained to me a lot more about how being autistic is and it was apparently yeah stressful you might know someone with autism you may have autism yourself but even if you do it can be very hard to know what other people with
Autism are going through there are a few things you can do to help you can give people time you can speak really clearly and you can remember that someone with autism may be experiencing the world in a more stressful way most importantly autism isn’t the main thing about
Anybody people on the autism spectrum can still do absolutely amazing things and I’m certain that one day I’m going to be in the cinema watching a film directed by Alex oh accident an emergency there’s another patient in need of some help he’s there well let’s go help him come on come on
Sad in accident in emergency is 15 year old Ryan what’s happened to your foot fella the nail is come out of the nail bed and oh that sounds pretty nasty and it looks pretty nasty too so turn away if you’re squeamish told you so but how exactly did this happen
Ryan was having lunch in the school canteen oh what was on the menu I’m coming to that zand he was with his mate all enjoying their food guess okay but what was he eating just finished his chicken nuggets nuggets and was stretching his legs out under the table
But Chris this all sounds perfectly normal where’s this story going it was all very normal until the boy sat opposite stood up to leave and his bench fell on Ryan’s toe ouch first up it’s over to x-ray totally then to a e to see Dr Alex ClearTalk
All right that’s kind of passive isn’t it probably need to clean that up another look Dr Alex gives Ryan some laughing gas to help numb the pain while he cleans the wound it’s gonna take really deep breaths and you’ll hear it hits as you do it I mean you feel a
Little bit giggly as well in three two one there it is works every time with Ryan’s suitably giggly Dr Alex can begin to clean up the dry blood to get a better look at the injury Dr Alex takes a look at the x-rays to see if anything’s broken these are the
Bones of his foot and this is his big Terror here as you can see it’s actually the bones underneath look okay so it’s just the actual damage to the nail bed so Ryan’s toe is bandaged up without the need for an operation that’s it and again next time on Operation Ouch Hospital takeover
The lights are on okay alright Zone takes a closer look you’re making if you like an x-ray movie and what is this got to do with your body so we’ll see you next time for more Operation Ouch Chris What started out as a normal day for our next patient has ended with a trip to the emergency department luckily they’ve come to the right place in the waiting room seven-year-old Sophie has come in with mum and dad and a cut hand who’s that Chris that’s tab Oh hi tab so how did Sophie hurt her hand a sharp knife ouch Sophie was in her bedroom doing some arts and crafts cool was she making paper airplanes like the nose on well was she making a selfie portrait then it doesn’t matter what she was making’s on the point is
She decided she needed something sharp sharp sounds dangerous So off she went to fetch a knife without asking mum or dad oh no and as she was using it the knife slipped and cut her thumb ouch was tapped there she was downstairs so tab couldn’t help but consultant Matt Rotherham can and he’s gonna take a closer look
Oh that looks like a deep cut first the dog checks the movement and sensation in Sophie’s hand very good can you feel me touching your thumb on that side looking for damage to the veins and the nerves and the tendons that control movement your hand contains nerves that
Give you feeling and tendons which allow it to move some tendons and nerves are very close to the surface of your skin and a deep cut like Sophie’s can easily damage them it could mean you lose feeling or you’re unable to move your hand properly which is why a bad cut
Often needs surgery to fix it can you bend your thumb at the end like that the docs checking that Sophie can move her thumb properly she could straighten her thumb but she didn’t seem to be able to bend it we have to take that seriously and assume
That it could be due to the injury so I’m doing at the Plastics team to okay okay I’ve had to refer her to a specialist they can decide whether they need to have a look at that wound under an anesthetic in the meantime Sophie’s cut is cleaned and patched up with
Butterfly stitches and we’ll find out later if she needs surgery thank you in hospital it’s not just the doctors and nurses who help to get you fixed there are lots of other Heroes working behind the scenes ah yes what will happen when we have a go at their
Amazing jobs I’m gonna make your eardrums burst this is Operation takeover today’s Hospital heroes are ambulance crew Dave and Gemma these trained professionals have the skills to get patients to hospital quickly and safely we need to get to the patient in good time for serious injuries we need to be there within
Eight minutes whilst we do need to drive quickly we need to be safe whilst we’re doing it when we’re going to a job we’ve got oncoming traffic to think about you’ve also got pedestrians and other Road users despite the busy roads Dave needs to make sure the ride is Silky Smooth for
The patient and medical team in the back with our driving skills a lot of the time on the way to hospital I forget that we’re moving Styles smooth Dave is behind the wheel watch this glass of water Dave’s driving you really think he’s not going to spill
This cup of water I’d like to hope so well let’s see how he does Skillet still dry back there Dave even with a super smooth driver it still takes lots of skill to treat a patient in a fast-moving ambulance especially since to do this the seat belts have to be unbuckled
You’re not crashing into everything I’m just I’m just leaning on the wall there okay so you’ve got to make your legs as far as possible it’s surfing right that’s that’s what you’re trying to do with surfing it’s like surfing but also you’re trying to save someone’s life
While you do it yeah yeah and not a drop spilled brilliantly done Dave we’ve seen how important the driving skills of the ambulance team are to the running of a big hospital but will we have the drive to succeed when we do it for ourselves or will our driving just
Be a little tired get it like the tire on a wheel of an ambulance enough sand today’s challenge is no joking matter especially since I have to wear green so Dave what have you got for us well guys today I’ve designed a bit of a driving obstacle course for you yikes that’s not
Going to be easy we’re gonna have to drive the ambulance forwards and backwards through some cones then up an Alleyway we’ll even have to be careful of magically moving pedestrians hello and finally go round in a loop before coming to a stop I’m going to time you any obstacles that you
Hit there’ll be a 10 second time penalty you can have me in the front of the vehicle and then in the back of the vehicle you can have a patient and a paramedic and they’ll be judging us on the smoothness of the journey controlled smooth safe absolutely speedy
Time for a nice smooth relaxing Journey my patient will love it let’s get the patient to hospital quickly that’s what I’d want so Chris’s first task is the cone slalom he’ll soon be on a collision course With Disaster I hope I think we can fairly
Say that you’re going to hit that one so that’s 10 seconds first penalty against Chris Bring It On oh yes and another I doubt if Zant can do any better than me okay am I gonna make this cone come on come on he makes it but he’s so slow how close was it
Penalty points will Chris have to reverse at all I can’t say anything yet good man Dave now just like real ambulance drivers we have to reverse I bet Chris thinks he’s pretty good at this decision driving hold on and now we’re going to go through the barriers
Sorry you’re right about that we’re all right concerned handle going in reverse what was interesting is I’ve totally forgotten that there’s a there’s a patient in the bag no no no no big penalty point for Zandt can you really do this like is it possible now
Chris has to be super careful it’s time for pedestrian alley and just look at how small those kids are oh yeah boy watch out oh hello speedily done Chris but I’ll be smoother quite steadies on but remember you’ve got to get patients to hospital quickly this doesn’t feel very professional it’s
Like I don’t think you ever see a paramedic driving like this watch out for pedestrians Aunt come on mate get out of the way surely that’s gonna cost him and Zan’s done okay now Luke Easy Does It Chris keep your patient in one piece and then it’s full steam ahead to the
Finish line stop Chris what are you doing sorry I thought something ran out in front of me are you all right yeah zones turn on the loop come on you have to get to the hospital I hope his patient’s okay how is everyone back there took a little while
Sorry madam just quicker next time okay okay so what’s the verdict by how much did I beat doctor’s art Chris you’ve got four minutes 47 seconds that’s including two penalty points and zand your time with 10 minutes 57 seconds which includes two penalty points like didn’t
Feel that slow I didn’t have this beard when I started the course yeah so Chris Wins part one for Speed but what about part two smoothness the smoother Drive was fun yes so it’s one a piece who then has won the challenge let’s see the vote
Slow and steady wins the race Don your patient would have been quicker walking to hospital don’t be a sore loser Chris well zand I think we’ve learned how important the driving skills of the ambulance team really are and it’s time we handed back the keys thank you Dave thank you John thank you
Good I’m hitting the wards with my ouch bleeper because we brought ouch and about inside the hospital wow and I’m heading the streets to answer your medical Mysteries in the hospital Chris is performing a very tricky operation almost there a question and he’s off to see Alex who’s just had
An operation on his esophagus hi Alex I got your bleep what’s your question why can’t you eat your drink before surgery what’s the diagnosis doc sounds like a case of why can’t you eat or drink before surgery itis questions making me hungry well I think I can answer the question before you
Have any operation the reason you can’t eat is because when you’re lying down and when you’ve had an anesthetic you can’t cough and so if food comes back up from your stomach goes into your windpipe your trachea it can then get into your lungs and that will be really
Bad because you can’t then breathe and you’ll get a pneumonia once you had your operation how long was it before you could eat four hours so what did you eat I had two rounds of cherished and then with a salad and then after that I add
The yogurt wow you must have been super hungry you have earned yourself a sticker I think we should probably try and put it on your esophagus shouldn’t we cheers Alex thank you see you soon bye I’m ouch and about on the street and I think someone has a question for me
Yeah I’ve got a question oh Heidi what’s your question any point to a finger without touching it okay try and move this finger you moved the wrong one why can’t I lift the right one what’s happening is your brain is getting two different bits of information if you do that and you look
The visual information your brain’s getting is very confusing you’ve just got a whole mess of fingers and you can’t tell which one is which you don’t know which finger to send a message to but if I touch it that’s easy then right so if you touch the finger there’s a
Wire effectively a nerve carrying the message exactly to the right bit of your brain and then your brain knows what to do does that make sense yeah it’s a very complicated question but very important one thank you back in the hospital Chris has been bleeped by Amelia hi Amelia what’s your
Question what is a tracheostomy what’s the diagnosis doc sounds like a classic case of I want to know what a tracheostomy is itis well it’s easy for you to say now why are you interested in what a tracheostom is because I narrowly avoided getting one I was in intensive
Care for about five weeks with a really bad lung infection but on the day when I’m supposed to get the track of the ostomy I just started breathing again when you were on the Intensive Care Unit were you on a thing called a ventilator yeah big tube down my throat and it
Blows air in and out of your lungs but if you have a tube going through your mouth and into your trachea your windpipe for too long it does a lot of damage so doctors can perform something called a tracheostomy now any ostomy is a hole between an organ and the Skin So
A tracheostomy is but there’s a hole between the trachea the windpipe and the Skin So if you make a little hole in that you can put in a tube that someone can then breathe in and out of or that can be connected to a ventilator have I
Answered your question yes I’m going to leave you yeah I’ll get a sticker you can put it on the Teddy Teddy can get it thanks Amelia thank you Dr Chris cheers Amelia hope you get better soon bye job done for today clinic closed Ouch Chris I wonder how our patient in the emergency department is getting on well you’re in luxand because this is the bit we get to find out oh it’s one of my favorite bits earlier we met Sophie with her cut Thumb in a e Sophie was in her bedroom doing
Some arts and crafts when she cut her hand on a sharp knife ouch because this may have affected the movement of her hand she’s here to see a specialist doctor examining the dodgy digit this morning is Dr Helen Richards I believe you’ve had a little accident was it very sore
Worst case scenario what we’d be looking for as whether she’s damaged one of the tendons there’s also a possibility of her injuring one of the nerves and that could mean she needs an operation Dr Helen checks how Sophie’s thumb is moving today right can you wriggle this little thumb you can’t
Okay now that it’s not so sore it’s much better than yesterday so you could move her thumb fully so that means her tendons intact she’s not injured any tendons because we don’t need to do an operation Brilliance you that’s good news and looking at the scratch it only
Looks quite superficial and Sophie gets a brand new bandage we don’t need to see you back here again well better great bye Sophie bye tab still to come rude noises see-through swallowing or making an x-ray movie and my jaw is dislocated again hang on haven’t we met this patient before
Now did you know your body can produce nearly two liters of gas every day and this comes out either by burping or farting come out and now to our lab but this time we’ve hidden it in a top secret location so secret that even zand doesn’t know where it is
What are you doing it’s time for some amazing experiments just don’t try anything you see here at home today we’re finding out what happens when you burp oh son what are you doing you know that I’ve expressly forbidden you from burping in the lab no Chris today I am
Allowed to burp because today’s lab is all about burping burping is something we all do no matter who you are and there’s even a medical name for it eructation burping is a very important bodily function all verbs are made of gas that your body wants to get rid of
It might be because you’ve swallowed air because you’ve gobble your lunch too fast like zand or it might be carbon dioxide from chemical reactions in your stomach or from the bubbles in a fizzy drink like this now the rumbling sound of her birth is caused when gas escapes
Through your esophagus or food pipe now the internet says that the sound actually comes when it passes over a very important body part just here in your throat called the epiglottis this stops food from going into your windpipe when you swallow but we don’t think that the internet is actually correct so we
Want to find out where does the noise of a burp actually come from and what would happen if you didn’t burp at all let’s find out show you where a burp comes from we’re going to film an actual burp from the inside on you never in all of human
History has anyone ever filmed a bird from the inside really yes that really is true we’re going to use a special camera to look down my throat but don’t you go sticking anything down your throat we can only do this because we’re doctors away we go
So now we can see inside Zan’s mouth and then as we go back you can see the dangly bits at the back of Zan’s mouth the uvula and this little flap of tissue here is zon’s epiglottis for those arms epiglottis ah now keep your eye on the opening of the esophagus And there it is a world’s first a boat on camera as the air burps out the soft tissue at the top of the esophagus is flapping while the epiglottis does nothing so we have proven burping is not the epigloss is flapping it’s the soft tissues at the top of the esophagus take
That internet you’re wrong but we’re not stopping there remember burping is a Perfectly Natural Body function although it’s not polite to burp loudly like zand is doing in this experiment but what would happen if you didn’t burp at all well Chris put these on and I’ll show
You because I am about to introduce you to a fearsome new machine meet Dr zahn’s amazing irritation machines look show me how it works here we have kitchen vinegar we’re gonna take this and pour it through here now in the model this bit represents the back of
Your throat and the food is gonna flow down the esophagus the food pipe into our stomachs these balloons contain bicarbonate of soda which will react with the vinegar and produce gas and we will get burping so how does it work let me show you the liquid goes down the
Throat into the esophagus and this is what happens when you drink your esophagus fills up we close that valve at the top it’s what happens when you swallow and then we open this valve the esophageal sphincter and we let the food into the stomach and then we can see it
Already gas bubbling up the chemicals in the food reacting with the chemicals in the stomach you can feel a bit of rumbling you can feel a burp coming you relax this valve at the top which is the cricopharyngeous muscle and oh excellent but you asked me what would
Happen if you couldn’t burp and now we’re about to find out so get your vinegar and pour it in the top now let the food into the stomach and we can see the gas gas is coming out of the stomach but it can’t escape the closed valve at
The top of the esophagus if you can’t burp means that none of the gas can escape upwards and so it builds up in the stomach you would be getting very uncomfortable right now if that was your real stomach son I’m going to add more blue vinegar Chris it wasn’t designed to
Withstand this kind of pressure more gas means more pressure here he goes on oh wow that was amazing so we’ve shown you where the burping noise comes from and how important burps are for getting rid of unwanted gases now my fake stomach here has exploded but don’t worry if you don’t burp you
Won’t actually explode you might feel a bit bloated and uncomfortable that eventually the gas goes through your intestines and you pass it out the other end ouch wolves can be really annoying sometimes and make you wish you could see over them or through them son you’re not
Eating my cake are you nope no no cake here no good now your skin can be a little bit like a wool when you get a medical problem on the outside it’s easy to see it treat it and watch it heal but when you get medical Mysteries going on
Inside the body there’s one Hospital Department you need to turn to for help the radiology department because they’ve got all kinds of cool kit that can actually see inside the body a bit like this Periscope lets me see over the wall stand the new radiology department at older
Hay cost a whopping seven million pounds this department x-rays 75 000 patients a year and more than half of those have their snaps taken on this a plain film x-ray machine x-rays let doctors look at your bones they’re like a super powerful version of ordinary light which can pass through
Your skin when they meet bones x-rays stop dead in their tracks and the perfect picture can be taken it’s not just bones that show up in an x-ray though I’m heading to another part of the radiology department to see a different type of x-ray machine this one
Is used to study people who have problems swallowing nine-year-old Isabelle is currently fed through a tube in her stomach as a result of having an operation she’s come to the radiology department today for a video fluoroscopy test to see if it’s now safe for her to eat and drink normally so I’m wearing
This apron and it is very heavy because it’s made of lead and that protects me from radiation radiation isn’t dangerous for the patients but if you get a little bit every day that could be dangerous you wear a bit of protection I’d preferred a green one
We’re going to give you some yogurt to eat okay Isabel’s dad feeds her some special liquid which x-rays can’t pass through so it shows up black on the image can you see it what’s amazing about is that you’re making if you like an x-ray movie so we can see the liquid
Going down her throat as a video and that means we can make sure that it’s safe for her to keep swallowing and that none of the food is going down the wrong way so Isabel’s esophagus is working fine the fluoroscopy has shown the doctors that it’s safe for her to start
Eating again isn’t that amazing after a whole year of being fed through a tube it’s busy in the radiology department today down the corridor nine-year-old Neve is having another sort of picture taken called an ultrasound for a mystery swelling in her foot here to do that is Dr Musa kaleem
The way the ultrasound machine is working is it’s using a probe which emits a very very high frequency noise such a high pitch that you can’t hear it and those sound waves bounce back differently depending on whether they hit bone or whether they hit muscle or different things and it’s listening for
The Echoes coming back and then putting those Echoes into an image this area which looks darker than the normal tissues around the bone so bone is here so there’s something possibly a splinter irritating Neve’s foot that will require further investigation have you given it a name Jeff that’s a great name
Bye by Jeff without the amazing radiology department at older hay Hospital the doctors and other experts would have to spend a lot more time guessing about diagnosing people’s conditions but these machines are so powerful they can see deep inside your body they could even see a piece of
Cake inside your stomach don’t tell Dr Chris The doctors and nurses in AME are ready for the next patient I wonder who it’s gonna be could be anyone at all probably a total stranger someone we’ve never seen before probably waiting in the emergency department with her mum is 14 year old Carmen my jaw is dislocated again hang on she looks
Familiar yeah I was on operation Arts last year oh I thought I recognized you and it happened again it’s happened about 50 times now did you come and say 50. wow so what happened this time Carmen was in dance rehearsal for the end of the year school show oh was she
Tap dancing no it was a big Beyonce number I love Beyonce if you like it then you should have put a ring on it if oh thanks Chris anyway Carmen was really busting some moves but when the class finished her face felt funny she looked in the mirror and
Saw her jaw had dislocated again ouch sometimes I’m able to get it back inside myself well now you’re here let’s get a professional to take a look meet Dr Naomi Simmons who’s going to check out those chops can you open your door at all at the moment wow it’s the temporal mandibular
Joint which dislocates in the jaw which is right up here inside your head a 20 bones which make up the skull two of them are in your jaw there’s the mandible which is one of the strongest bones in the body and the maxilla they’re linked together by a hinge which
Allows you to open and close your mouth at this time Carmen’s right hinge has become unhinged so I’m gonna pop and get some antonops the unsucks is laughing gas so it’ll help relax module I’m getting quite an expert on this now yes you are Dr Naomi brings in the entinox to our expert
She also brings in tongue depressors that she’ll use to straighten that sore jaw but once the enter Knox kicks in Carmen has other ideas because this has happened so many times Carmen’s mum has become really good at popping it back she uses the tongue depressors to help
Ease Carmen’s jaw back to where it should be is that great I think it is well it looks right to me let’s ask our expert yeah it’s back in place now good work mum you know the score from here really don’t you try to remember not to have any big movements of your
Jaw no more Beyonce boogieing for you Carmen I think I’m gonna go back to dance right now bye next time on Operation Ouch Hospital takeover we do the mail when you do it there’s quite a lot to end up on the floor it’s not real zoned gets jabbed ow
What are you doing and I’m feeling the heat wow that is very very hot so we’ll see you next time for more Operation Ouch oh it’s over what’s really enjoying that